Role Of Testosterone In Humans
Print PageNatural testosterone is a steroid hormone, normally produced by the Leydig cells in the testes of humans and animals. Females produce far less testosterone in their ovaries than males do in their testicles. The small amount of testosterone present in females does not have a masculinizing effect on them. Testosterone increases libido and affects mood in both sexes.
Testosterone is classified as an androgen (masculinizing substance). Androgens control masculine secondary sex characteristics, like male hair growth patterns (beard, armpits, chest and groin), deep voice, and male fat distribution. Testosterone is crucial for the development and maintenance of the male sex organs (testes and penis).
Testosterone is also an anabolic, meaning it encourages bulky, strong muscle growth. Testosterone has systemic anabolic effects. It influences fluid balance by making the male retain electrolytes (sodium, potassium, and chloride), water, and nitrogen. Testosterone influences bone growth by encouraging the retention of calcium and phosphate. Testosterone makes the skin more vascular and less fatty.